Spray nozzle



Oct. 25, 1955 Q BATES 2,721,762

SPRAY NOZZLE Filed Feb. 6, 1953 58 26 44 64 32 F I g.

Norman H. Bales INVENTOR.

United States Patent SPRAY NOZZLE Norman H. Bates, Norwich, Conn.Application February 6, 1953, Serial No. 335,451

3 Claims. (Cl. 299-59) This invention relates in general to spraynozzles and more specifically to improvements in oil burner nozzles.

The primary object of this invention is to provide an improved spraynozzle for oil burners which has means for automatically cleaning anorifice thereof.

Another object of this invention is to provide improved spray nozzle foroil burners which includes a shut-ofi valve for an outlet orifice, saidshut-off valve being automatically actuated in response to introductionof pressure into the interior of the nozzle.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved oil burnernozzle which is both self cleaning and automatically actuated inresponse to application of pressure thereto, said nozzle being soconstructed and designed whereby the same may be utilized in combinationwith conventional nozzle adapters.

A further object of this invention is to porvide an improved selfcleaning oil burner nozzle which includes a plunger slidable through anoutlet orifice of said nozzle, said plunger being carried by movablesupport means which are actuated by introduction of pressure into thenozzle.

These together with other objects and advantages which will becomesubsequently apparent reside in the details of construction andoperation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, whereinlike numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view through a preferred form of oil burnernozzle and shows the general construction of the same;

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view on a reduced scale of the oilburner nozzle of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a front elevational view of a spinner of the nozzle ofFigure 1; and

Figure 4 is a sectional view on a reduced scale of a modified form ofoil burner nozzle.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, it will be seen that there isillustrated in Figures 1, 2, and3 in particular, a preferred form of oilburner nozzle which is referred to in general by the reference numeral10. The oil burner nozzle includes an elongated nozzle housing 12 whichhas an externally threaded rear portion 14 adapted to be removablysecured to a nozzle adapter to permit the supplying of oil thereto. Theforward portion of the nozzle housing 12 is rounded as at 16 and isprovided with a centrally located outlet orifice 18 therethrough. Thenozzle housing 16 is hollow and is internally threaded as at 20.

Removably threaded in the forward portion of the nozzle housing 12 is agenerally conical shaped stationary oil spinner 22 which has the forwardportion thereof in abutment with a conical inner wall 24 of the nozzlehousing. The oil spinner 22 is provided with external threads 26 whichmesh with the threads 20 of the nozzle housing 12.

Also threadedly engaged within the nozzle housing 12 is an elongated,generally cylindrical retainer 28. The retainer 28 is provided withexternal threads 30 which also mesh with the threads 20 of the nozzlehousing12. In order that the retainer 28 may be conveniently removedfrom the nozzle housing 12, the rear end thereof is provided with a pairof spaced, shallow bores 32 for engagement with a similar wrench.

In order that oil entering the rear portion of the nozzle housing 12 maybe supplied to the outlet orifice 18, the retainer 28 is provided withdiametrically opposite, longitudinally extending grooves 34 through thethreaded portion thereof. The grooves 34 align with grooves 36 whichextend longitudinally through the internal threads 20 of the nozzlehousing 12 to form a suitable passageway for oil.

The oil spinner 22 is also provided with diametrically opposite grooves38 which align with forward portions of the grooves 36.

As it best illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, the oil spinner 22 has formedin the forward portion thereof a plurality of radiating grooves 40.Inasmuch as the threads 20 of the nozzle housing 12 terminate short ofthe forward portion of the threaded part of the oil spinner 22, oilentering the grooves 38 is permitted to pass around between adjacentthreads 26 and therefore spin and to then enter into the grooves 40. Theoil then passes from the grooves 40 into a space 42 between the forwardend of the oil spinner 22 and the forward inner wall of the nozzlehousing 12. The oil is then permitted to flow through the outlet orifice18.

The forward end of the retainer 28 is provided with a counter bore 44 inwhich is positioned a diaphragm 46. The diaphragm 46 is clamped againstthe inner portion of the retainer 28 in sealing relation therewith by alocking ring 48 which abuts the rear end of the oil spinner 22.

Carried by the central portion of the diaphragm 46 for movementtherewith is an internally threaded support member 50. The supportmember 50 is provided with a conical forward end portion which fits in aconical recess 52 formed in the rear end of the spinner 22. The member50 does not seal against the spinner 22.

Aligned with the support member 50 is centrally disposed longitudinalbore 54 through the spinner. Removably threaded in the support member 50and passing through the bore 54 is an elongated plunger 56 whose forwardend is normally seated in the outlet orifice 18. The forward portion ofthe plunger 56 is provided with a conical valve portion 58 which isdisposed slightly rearwardly of the forward end of the plunger 56. Thevalve portion 58 seats against the forward inner wall of the nozzlehousing 12 and seals the orifice 18 against the outward flow of oil.

Extending rearwardly as a continuation of the counter bore 44 is anelongated bore 60 of a reduced diameter. Also, there is provided as arearward continuation of the bore 60, a still smaller bore 62 which isinternally threaded and which opens through the rear end of the retainer28. Disposed within the bore 60 is an elongated coil spring 64 whichabuts against the rear of the central portion of the diaphragm 46 tourge the same forwardly. The rear end of the coil spring 64 abutsagainst a washer 66 whose rearward movement is controlled by anadjusting screw 68 adjustably disposed within the internally threadedbores 62. It will be seen that by adjusting the adjusting screw 68, thepressure exerted on the diaphragm 46 by the coil spring 64 may bevaried.

In operation, when oil is introduced into the nozzle housing 12, thesame enters the space 42 and since its escape through the outlet orifice18 is blocked by the valve portion 58, it passes rearwardly through thebore 54 in the oil spinner 22. The oil then causes rearward movement of.the support member 50 when. sufiicient.

pressure has been built up to overcome the pressure exerted on thediaphragm 46 by the coil spring 64. At this time the plunger 56 movesrearwardly out of the orifice 185 and the valve portion 58 becomesunseated with the result that the oil is permitted. to pass out throughthe outlet orifice 18 in the normal manner.

When the oil is shut off orthe pressure reduced for any reason, thepressure urging the diaphragm 46 rearwardly is reduced with the resultthat the same is moved back to the position illustrated in Figure l bythe coil spring 64. This automatically shuts off the nozzle 10.Furthermore, the movement of the forward end of the plunger 56 throughthe outlet orifice 18 results in the cleaning of the same due to thepushing of carbon or other formations out through the forward end of thenozzle housing 12.

Referring now to Figure 4 in particular, it will be seen that thereisillustrated a modified form of the oil burner nozzle In the.particular form illustrated, the retainer 28 has been replaced by amodified form of retainer 70. and the diaphragm. 46, the locking ring48- and the support member 50 has-been replaced by a piston 72' having aforward extending valve portion 74. It will be understood that the otherportions of the nozzle 10. remain unchanged and will be referred to bythe same reference numerals.

Thev retainer is generally cylindrical in shape and isprovided withexternal threads 76. Like the retainer 28, the retainer 70 is providedwith a diametrically opposed, longitudinal extending grooves 78 formedin the threads 76.v The grooves 78 align with the grooves 36 in theinterior of the nozzle housing 12 and cooperate to supply oil to the oilspinner 22.

The forward portion of the retainer 70 is provided with a relativelydeep bore 80 which has formed as a continuation thereof a rearwardlyextending bore 82 of a lesser diameter. Communicating the bore 82 withthe rear end of the retainer 70 is an internally threaded bore 84.

Mounted within the bore 80 for longitudinal movement is the piston 72which has formed in the rear portion thereof a bore 86 which is inalignment with the bore 82. Disposed in' the bores 82. and 86 areopposite ends of a coil spring 88' which urges the piston 72 forward toa position where its valve portion 74- is seated in the seat 52. Thevalve 74 does not completely sealagainst seat 52, but merely restrictsthe flow of fluid therethrough. The piston 72 has formed in the valveportion 74 thereof an; internally threaded bore 90 in which isthreadedly engaged the rear end of the plunger 56.

Disposed in the rear portion of the bore 82 is a washer 92 which engagesthe rear end of the coil spring 88. The washer 92. is positioned by anadjusting screw 94 which is disposed within the internally threaded bore84.

It will: be understood. that the modified form of the nozzle 10functions in exactly the same manner as the nozzle 10 illustrated inFigure l with the exception that the piston 72 is moved. rearwardly inresponse to pressure within thenozzle housing in lieu of the diaphragm46.

In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that there has beenillustrated and described an improved oil burner nozzle which is of arelatively simple construction and which will function in the samemanner as conventional burner nozzles. Also, it will benoted. that theoil burner nozzle has the added features of being automatically shut-offin response to reduction of pressure and is self cleaning.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described as pertainingto an oil burner nozzle, it will be understood that the inventionv isnot intended to be so limited. The automatic shut-off portion of thenozzle may be utilized equally as well in other types of spray nozzlesincluding those which are utilized in the spraying of animals and thelike.

From the foregoing, the construction and operation of the device will bereadily understood and further explanation is believed to beunnecessary. However, since numerous modifications and changes willreadily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limitthe invention to the exact construction shown and described, andaccordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resortedto, falling within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A self-cleaning liquid spray nozzle comprising a cylindrical housinghaving afront end provided with an inner conical wall and a liquidoutlet orifice in said front end at the apex of said Wall, said housinghaving a rear liquid inlet end, a stationarycylindrical oil spinnerthreaded into said housingandforming with said inner wall a conicalliquid receiving space at said orifice, said spinner having a rear end'provided with an axial conical recess and also having an axial bore forpassing liquid under back pressure in said space rearwardly through thespinner and out of the recess, a hollow cylindrical spinner retainerthreaded into said housing and engaging the rear end of the spinner,peripheral'longitudinal grooves in said spinner and retainer for passingliquid under pressure from the rearendof' the housing into'said space, aplunger in said bore. and orifice and movable rearwardly to be moved outof said orifice, said plunger having a rear end extending out of saidrecess, a conical enlarged valve in said plunger and in said spaceseating against said inner wall to close said orifice and cause backpressure of liquid in said space and movable by rearward movement of theplunger to open the orifice and relieve back pressure in said space, aspring loaded member mounted in said retainer for rearward movement inresponse to the pressure of liquid passing rearwardly out of said boreand recess, and a reduced. conicalsupport attached to said member andthe rear end of the plunger for moving the plunger rearwardly uponrearward movement of said member, said support fitting in said recess tospace said member from said spinner.

2. The combination of claim 1-, said member comprising a flexiblediaphragm.

3. The combination of claim 1, said member comprising a piston havingsaid support attached thereto in the axis thereof.

ReferencesCited in the file of thispatent UNITED STATES' PATENTS1,250,067 Wygodsky Dec. 11, 1917 1,879,012 Armstrong Sept. 27, 19322,594,045 Loepsinger Apr. 22, 1952

